中国城市宏观级差地租的形成机制

城市宏观级差地租是我国特殊国情下的创新理论。先梳理了城市宏观级差地租理论的发展和最新成果,在前人研究的基础上,提出一些新的理论观点。之后对城市宏观级差地租的概念进行了新的诠释,然后重点论述了城市宏观级差地租的形成机制,并结合我国实际情况,分别从城市区位级差地租、城市规模级差地租和城市功能级差地租三方面进行深入分析和论述,阐明了城市宏观级差地租形成的原因。最后总结了我国城市宏观级差地租理论创新的意义,指出中央政府对宏观级差地租理论的运用是缩小我国区域经济差距一个新的政策思路。     

The significance of digital data systems for smart city policy

Our planet is gradually moving towards an urbanized world. Modern urban agglomerations tend to turn nowadays into advanced information hubs supporting a smart management of dynamic urban systems. The currently popular notion of ‘smart cities’ aims to provide a new perspective for sustainable and high-performance strategies of city stakeholders in our ‘urban century’. In this context, digital information technology provides a new tool for efficient and effective management and planning of urban space, inter alia in the field of transportation, environment, public facilities or advanced service provision to citizens. This paper aims to offer, first, a concise overview of the emerging opportunities of information and communication technology (ICT) for smart urban policy; digital technology in particular, appears to provide novel pathways for modern planning strategies in smart cities. Against this background, the paper sketches out the complex force field of global urbanisation phenomena and highlights the data and information needs for strategic planning of cities (using inter alia as a framework the so-called ‘urban piazza’ strategy framework). Secondly, various new decision support tools that are currently emerging and that offer a new promising scope for handling complex urban management issues (for instance, on accessibility, congestion, safety or sustainability) are briefly presented. And finally, the potential of such digital data systems for urban management and policy is concisely illustrated by means of some recent applications in the area of smartphone data systems. The paper concludes with a discussion of the challenges ahead for urban policy, inter alia by paying attention to institutional and governance aspects of ‘big digital data’ management in urban systems.     

城市公路客运枢纽布局优化与发展趋势探讨

随着城市化进程的加快和城市空间的不断拓展，城市公路客运枢纽面临着提高城市交通运输效率和交通服务水平、改善城市交通环境与交通拥堵等难题。通过总结当前广州市公路客运枢纽在布局及运营方面存在的问题，借鉴国内外先进经验，提出城市公路客运枢纽的布局与发展应符合一体化、信息化、低碳化要求，并阐述了广州市公路客运枢纽布局优化与发展措施，可为国内城市公路客运枢纽的布局优化与发展决策提供参考。     

城市化进程中的“资源尾效”和“资源诅咒”——基于中国27个煤炭城市的面板数据分析

传统城市化理论往往强调自然资源对城市发展的正面作用,却对城市化的约束和反向作用问题考虑不够。文章基于"资源尾效"和"资源诅咒"两种假说,利用1997-2012年中国27个典型煤炭城市的数据对其煤炭资源开发与城市化发展的关系进行正负效应检验。结果表明:27个煤炭城市中有16个城市出现"资源尾效",其尾效数值为0.001 755;其余11个城市出现"资源诅咒",其煤炭资源对城市化发展的影响系数为-0.207 2。可见,自然资源的开发强度要处于一个合适的水平,并同时注意资本投入、教育和制度等因素才能最大程度上提高城市化水平。     

济源市观光采摘旅游效益构成分析

[目的]以河南省济源市为研究对象,探究济源市观光采摘旅游的效益构成,并针对发展中的问题提出相应对策,以期促进济源市观光采摘旅游的健康与可持续发展。[方法]文章采用统计数据分析法和文献分析法。搜集济源市观光采摘旅游相关的数据,分析其对济源市经济、文化等各项发展带来的影响,详细说明济源市观光采摘旅游效益构成。[结果]2008~2015年,济源市观光采摘旅游的人数占旅游总人数比例的年平均增长率41.03%,收入占旅游总收入比例的年平均增长率44.41%;星级酒店数量减少5个;果蔬种植面积和产量年平均增长率为2.41%和3.90%;此外,济源市农产品销售渠道拓宽,消耗能源和排放污染物数量减少。2010~2015年,济源市就业人员年平均增长速率5.83%,失业率减少0.50%,文盲率下降0.07%,大学及以上学历人数增长3.80%。51.4%的游客认为观光采摘旅游等生态休闲旅游增强了自己的环保知识。[结论]济源市观光采摘旅游效益主要由经济效益、生态效益和社会效益构成。经济效益方面:政府和居民收入提高,当地旅游业发展水平提高,农业种植结构得到改善,农业种植效益得以提高,农产品销售渠道得以拓宽;生态效益方面:生态环境得到改善;社会效益方面:当地居民的就业率和文化素质得以提高,社会大众的环保意识得以加强。在以后的观光采摘旅游发展过程中,应发挥当地特有的文化优势并注重提升自我,采取针对性措施解决现存问题。     

基于电子商务平台的农产品营销模式研究——以重庆为例

随着互联网普及程度越来越高,农产品电子商务作为一种新型营销方式在现代营销中具有重要的作用。文章首先对电子商务相关概念和基础理论进行概述,明确了电子商务的重要性。其次在对重庆市农产品电子商务营销现状及问题分析的基础上,对目前重庆市现有的3种电子商务营销模式,即为电子市场交易模式、网络中介模式、网络虚拟社区模式进行深入分析。最后,从建立健全农产品电子商务相关法律和制度、大力培养农产品电子商务专业人才、开展多种形式的农产品电子营销模式,实施农牧产品与农商旅联动营销战略等几方面提出促进重庆市电子商务发展的策略。     

基于DPSIR-TOPSIS的城市绿色转型评价及实证——以太原市为例

基于DPSIR模型,构建了包括驱动力、压力、状态、影响和响应5个方面的城市绿色转型评价指标体系,并将熵权法与TOPSIS法相结合确定指标权重。基于该评价指标系统,对2006—2014年太原市的绿色转型状况进行了评价与分析。结果表明:虽然太原市的绿色转型水平逐渐提高,但是整体效果处于一般水平,转型状况不太理想。     

加强基础设施建设,提升中心城区的辐射带动能力

在新型城镇化进程中,加强中心城区的基础设施建设、提升中心城区的承载能力、发挥中心城区的辐射带动作用十分重要。本文在分析了黄河三角洲地区中心城市基础设施建设存在不足的基础上,提出了加强中心城区基础设施建设的看法与建议,旨在为全面提升该区域的城镇化水平提供参考。     

Making the ‘Invisible’ Visible: Redevelopment‐induced Displacement of Migrants in Shenzhen,China

Gentrification in China is intertwined with urban redevelopment, which causes the large‐scale displacement of rural–urban migrants from ‘villages in the city’ (ViCs). Because of the informality of ViCs, migrant renters have very insecure tenancy and during redevelopment they are treated as a negligible (‘invisible’) social group. As they are very difficult to locate after displacement, they are also literally invisible to researchers. To make the invisible visible, this study traced a sample of displaced migrants from Huangbeiling village in Shenzhen. The focus was on the displacement process and on identifying the consequences for the displaced. We found various forms of displacement during the redevelopment process. Nearby ViCs were prioritized by displaced migrants to minimize as much utility loss as possible. However, they generally suffer from decreased proximity, increased living costs, and the loss of social networks and job opportunities. Remarkably, some choose to return to the gentrifying village, enduring displacement in situ caused by increasing rents, drastic physical neighbourhood changes and declining liveability, in exchange for retaining their original social and economic networks. Large‐scale urban redevelopment is causing the rapid shrinkage of informal housing. Recognizing and addressing the housing needs of this impoverished social group is a matter of urgency.     

徐州物流业发展现状及对策分析

本文结合现代物流特点,对徐州目前物流业发展状况进行分析,并提出具体解决措施,这些措施为徐州物流业的发展提供很好的借鉴意义。